According to data released Wednesday by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), which runs the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), 2025 was the third-warmest year on record globally.

Global temperatures were 1.47 °C (2.65 °F) above pre-industrial levels (1850 -1900), slightly cooler than 2023 by 0.01 °C and 0.13 °C below 2024, the warmest year on record, The Caspian Post reports, citing Anadolu agency.

The average temperature from 2023 to 2025 exceeded 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, marking the first three-year period to surpass the Paris Agreement’s long-term warming limit.

Based on the current rate of warming, the agreement’s 1.5 °C threshold could be reached by the end of the decade, more than a decade earlier than predicted when the agreement was signed.

Air temperatures over land were the second warmest on record, while the Antarctic recorded its highest annual temperature and the Arctic its second-highest. Sea-surface temperatures were also among the highest recorded.

„The report confirms that Europe and the world are in the warmest decade on record,” said ECMWF Director-General Florian Pappenberger. „Preparedness and prevention remain possible but only when action is guided by robust scientific evidence.”

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