China is the world’s largest energy consumer and greenhouse gas emitter – it is also undergoing one of the most ambitious energy transitions in history. Guided by its goals of peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060, the country is rapidly reshaping its power system to accommodate a new generation of clean energy.

In 2024 alone, China installed 360 gigawatts (GW) of wind and solar capacity. That’s more than half of global additions that year, and it brings total installed capacity to 1.4 terawatts (TW) – that’s roughly a third of the entire world’s 4.5 TW. Chinese renewable generation reached 366 terawatt-hours (TWh), making wind and solar the country’s largest sources of new power. This transformation has also driven the rise of new technologies and business models, from battery storage and virtual power plants to electric vehicles and “zero-carbon” industrial parks.

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