The Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME) is the only regional body that brings together all eight littoral states surrounding the Persian Gulf. Its member states—Bahrain, Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE—share a complex mix of common and competing interests. Beyond their vast oil and gas reserves, the Gulf and the Sea of Oman, collectively known as the ROPME Sea Area (RSA), are rich in rare aquatic and terrestrial resources, drawing sustained international attention.

ROPME was established in early 1979 under Article XVI of the agreement to implement the Kuwait Action Plan and the Kuwait Regional Convention and its protocols. Yet political rivalries and an environment of low trust have often overshadowed its work. Today, however, its role in fostering cooperation is more critical than ever, as mounting environmental challenges demand urgent, coordinated regional action.

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