The EU’s hydrogen fuelling rollout is on shaky ground, with a new study revealing major flaws in how refuelling stations are being planned.

Researchers at Sweden’s Chalmers University of Technology say the current one-size-fits-all approach risks wasting tens of millions of euros annually and fails to reflect actual demand.

Under the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR), EU countries must install hydrogen stations every 200km on major roads and at each urban node by 2030.

But the Chalmers team, using data from 600,000 freight routes and advanced modelling, found the EU’s distance-based rules don’t match real traffic patterns.

“EU law is based on distance, but traffic volumes differ in other ways between countries,” said Joel Löfving, lead author of the study. “According to our model, capacity in France needs to be seven times higher in 2050 than what the EU requires by 2030.”

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